Chrysanthemums, sometimes called mums or chrysanths, are flowering plant life of the genus Chrysanthemum in the family Asteraceae. They are native to Asia and northeastern Europe. Most species originate from East Asia and the center of diversity is in China. There are many horticultural varieties and cultivars. The name "chrysanthemum" comes from the Ancient Greek:?????? chrysos (gold) and Old Greek:??????? anthemon (flower).
Taxonomy
The genus once included more species, unfortunately he split several decades ago into several genera, putting the economically important florist's chrysanthemums in the genus Dendranthema. The naming of the genera has been good, but a ruling of the International Botanical The legislature in 1999 changed the defining species of the genus to Chrysanthemum indicum, restoring the florist's chrysanthemums to the genus Chrysanthemum.The other species previously included in the narrow view of the genus Chrysanthemum are now utilized in the genus Glebionis. The other genera separate from Chrysanthemum include Argyranthemum, Leucanthemopsis, Leucanthemum, Rhodanthemum, and Tanacetum.
Description
Outdoors Chrysanthemum taxa are herbaceous perennial plants or subshrubs. They have alternately set up leaves divided into leaflets with toothed or from time to time smooth edges. The substance inflorescence is an array of several flower mind, or sometimes a solitary head. The head has a base covered in layers of phyllaries. The simple row of ray florets are white, yellow or red; many horticultural specimens have been carefully bred to bear many lanes of ray florets in a great variety of colours. The disc florets of wild taxa are yellow. The fruit is a ribbed achene. Chrysanthemums, also known as 'mums', are one of the nicest varieties of perennials that start blooming early in the fall. This is also known as favorite flower for the month of November.
Modern grown chrysanthemums are showier than their wild relatives. The flower heads occur in various forms, and can be daisy-like or decorative, like pompons or buttons. This genus contains many hybrids and thousands of cultivars developed for horticultural purposes. In addition to the traditional yellow, other colors are available, such as white, purple, and red. The most crucial hybrid is Chrysanthemum x morifolium (syn. C. x grandiflorum), derived primarily from C. indicum, but also involving other types.Over 140 varieties of chrysanthemum have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
Chrysanthemums are split up into two basic groups, garden hardy and exhibition. Garden hardy mothers are new perennials able of wintering in most northern latitudes. Exhibition types are not usually as sturdy. Garden hardies are defined by their capability to create an abundance of small blooms with little if any mechanical assistance, such as staking, and withstanding wind and rain. Exhibition varieties, though, require staking, overwintering in a relatively dry, cool environment, and sometimes the addition of night lights.
The exhibition types can be used to create many amazing plant forms, such as large disbudded blooms, spray forms, and many artistically trained forms, such as thousand-bloom, standard (trees), fans, dangling baskets, topiary, bonsai, and cascades.
Chrysanthemum blooms are divided into 10 different bloom forms by the US National Chrysanthemum World, Inc., which is in preserving the international classification system. The bloom varieties are defined by the way in which the ray and disk florets are arranged. Chrysanthemum flowers consist of many specific flowers (florets), each one capable of manufacturing a seeds. The disk florets are in the center of the bloom head, and the ray florets are on the perimeter. The ray florets are believed imperfect flowers, as they only have the female successful organs, while the storage florets are considered perfect flowers, as they have got both male and male reproductive organs.
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